Risk of the contamination of chickpea grown on the heavy metals contaminated soil
2006
Jomova, K.(Univerzita Konstantina Filozofa, Nitra (Slovak Republic) | Hegedusova, A. | Toth, T.
The heavy metals are phytotoxic at higher concentrations. They directly affect plant growth and their increased amount in the plant could be dangerous for the health of humans and animals. In this study we observed the heavy metals intake by the legumine crop chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the relation to the soils with the different heavy metals content and the soil reaction as well. The main aim was to obtain the heavy metals concentration in the seed of chickpea intended solely for human consumption a to assess the risk for human consumption. Our results confirmed that the soil from locality Prencov belogs to the risk soil in the relationship to the heavy metals content. In this soil the Pb and Cd content exceeded their indicative C value and Zn content was higher than indicative B value. Similarly, in the soil from locality Dudince the Pb content exceeded indicative C value and content of Zn, Cd exceeded indicative B value. The heavy metals content in other soils was below their background values with exeption Zn (Hrnciarovce) and Cu (Vinohrady). In this cases the metal content was higher than reference A1 value. In the seeds all of plants the increased amonts of Pb and Cd were observed. Exeptionally high concentrations of Pb and Cd in relationship to legislative given limit values were in the seeds of plants grown on the soil from Prencov (Pb -- 11-times higher, Cd -- 12-times higher) and Dudince (Cd -- 28-times higher). Our results obtained from vegetation pot experiments confirmed the enhanced amounts of some metals in seeds of chickpea. They indicate the risk of an input of heavy metals into food chain. The liming seems to be the effective method of heavy metal imobilization. Decreasing of Zn, Ni a Cd was statistically significant.
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