State of beech bark necrotic disease in Northern Hungary
2005
Mihal, I.(Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Institute of Forest Ecology | Cicak, A.
An increased occurrence of beech bark necrotic disease with simultaneous typical tracheomycotic symptoms has been found at the end of 1980s. In the countries situated along the Carpathians Mts. Occurrence of beech bark necrotic disease in Slovakia is not the problem of the country itself. This problem is studied, also in other European countries. The disease is present also in Hungary with 19% of the forest stand area. The degree of necrotic disease of tracheomycotic type on beech bark was evaluated in parent beech stands in four localities in the orographic complexes Borzsony, Matra, Bukk and Zempleni-Hegyseg. The results of evaluation of necrotisation degree on the beech bark stems in the individual localities are given in Table 1 -- 4. In these tables also data on the beech bark necrotisation index are attached for the classes 1 to 3 INK(1-3) and also for the classes 1 to 5 INK(1-5). From Table 1 -- 4 it is evident that the necrotic disease has attacked from 86.0% to 96.0% of trees. The lowest value (86.0%) was observed in Pannonian beech virgin forest in the locality 3. This is comparable with the values found in the beech virgin forests in Slovakia (60.0 -- 88.0% of trees -- MIHAL, CICAK, 2000). Necrotic disease of beech bark is attributed especially to parasitic fungi of the Nectria (Fr.)Fr. genus. In the three observed localities we identified the following species: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode)Fr., N. coccinea (Pers.)Fr., N. cosmariospora Ces. et De Not., N. galligena Bres. sensu Strasser a N. purtonii (Grev.)Berk.
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