Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on growth and yield of Kaentawan (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
2006
Sanun Jogloy(Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agronomy) | Ratchanok Mikaew(Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agronomy) | Wilawan Tula(Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agronomy) | Thawan Kesmala(Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agronomy)
Kaentawan is a tuber crop and a related species to sunflower. The tubers contain mostly inulin as carbohydrate reservoir and it is used in a versatility ways such as human food, animal feed, and raw material for high fructose syrup and ethanol. The knowledge of its responses to fertilizers under growing conditions in Thailand is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cattle manure and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of kaentawan. Treatments consisting of no fertilizer, 1000 kgs of cattle manure, 25 kgs of 12-24-24 chemical fertilizer, 50 kgs of 12-24-12 chemical fertilizer were laid out in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Fertilizers were applied at 15 days after planting (DAP). Data were recorded for SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), plant height, stem diameter at ground level, stem diameter at middle stem, leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAl), number of tuber/plant, above ground dry weight, tuber dry weight, total soluble solid index (Brix) of tuber and stem and harvest index at 60, 70 and 90 DAP. Cattle manure and chemical fertilizer had no effect on SCMR, plant height, Brix, number of tubers/plant and Hl. Twenty five and 50 kgs of chemical fertilizer grade 12-24-12 gave the highest stem diameter at ground level (0.63 and 0.53 cm, respectively) at 60 DAP and the highest stem diameter at middle stem at all sampling dates. The highest above ground dry weight was also achieved at these rates at 60 DAP (127.7 and 107.0 kg/rai, respectively). Applications of 25, 50 kgs of chemical fertilizer grade 12-24-12 and 1000 kgs of cattle manure yielded the highest tuber dry weights of 416.75, 466.80 and 465.7 kg/rai, respectively, at 90 DAP. These treatments also gave the highest tuber fresh weight of 1637.75, 1913.25 and 1896.75 kg/rai, respectively.
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