Evaluation of the changes in the quantity and structure of the soil microflora depending on the applied herbicides for chemical combating sorghum halepensis (L.) pers
2008
Kaloyanova, N., Institute of Soil Science ” N. Pushkarov”, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Dzhonova,E., Institute of Soil Science ” N. Pushkarov”, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Stoimenova, I., Institute of Soil Science ” N. Pushkarov”, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Serafimov, P., Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven (Bulgaria)
A field experiment for chemical combating Sorghum halepensis (L.) Pers has been carried out in an area with a natural background of weed infestation on Luvic phacozem (FAO) in the experimental field of the Pavlikeni branch of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven. The following herbicides were tested: the total life system herbicide Sanglifo (360 g/l glyphosate) in quantities 400, 600 and 800 ml/da as well as the Tiger Platinum 5 EC (50 g/l quizalofop-P-etil) - 200 ml/da, Pantera EC (40 g/l quizalofop-P-tefuryl) - 250 ml/da and Leopard 5 ЕC (50 g/l quizalofop-P-etil) - 200 ml/da. The treatment period has been chosen depending on the used herbicides in the phenophase of Sorghum halepensis. The changes in the quantity and structure of some basic groups of soil microorganisms were studied in dynamics (15th, 30th, 45th day after treatment) in two depths (0-10 and 10-20 cm). The herbicides have had a strong, but relatively short effect on the soil microflora, whereas these changes have had a temporary character and a negative influence on the diversity of the microbial population. The 45-day period of the microbiological study has shown that the process of biological detoxication of the studied herbicides and the products of their decomposition has not been completed and the state of equilibrium between the quantity and diversity of the microbial population has not been achieved. The Leopard 5 EC preparation from the group of the studied selective herbicides with systematic effect has the strongest influence on the microbial population in the soil. Out of the tested doses the total leaf herbicide – Sanglifo applied in a quantity of 600 ml/da has the strongest effect on the dynamics of the microbial population.
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