Investigating of competition aspects on different densities of three weeds species of crucifer family on winter wheat
2006
Baghestani Meybodi, Mohammad A`li | Najafi, Hoseyn
In order to evaluate the competitive ability of three broadleaf Brassicaceae weeds against winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L. cv. C73-5) two experiments were conducted under field and greenhouse conditions in the years 2001 and 2002. The field experimental design was a completely randomized block with four replications. In the greenhouse, treatment distribution was based on a completely randomized design with three replications. In the field experiment, treatments included three weed species (turnip weed: Rapistrum rugosum, Wild mustard: Sinapis arvensis, and tansy mustard: Descurania sophia) and weed density was 0, 4, 8, 16, 32 plants/m2 for turnip weed and wild mustard, and 0, 16, 32, 64, 128 plants/m2 for tansy mustard. In the greenhouse study, once wheat and in the another time, wild mustard or tansy mustard were used as a goal plant. Field experiment results showed that wheat leaf area index, canopy architecture, height, and grain yield were affected by weed species and density. In addition, canopy light interception depended on weed density and species. As wild mustard and turnip weed density increased, the wheat dry matter decreased. Greenhouse experiment results indicated that the greatest reduction of wheat leaf area and dry matter were observed on wild mustard treatments (compared to tansy mustard treatment). In addition, the R/FR light ratio under wheat canopy was lower in wheat-wild mustard stand compared to wheat pure and wheat-tansy mustard stand. Finally, the competitive ability of wild mustard and turnip weed against wheat was higher than that of tansy mustard.
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