Regional differences in growth, yield and dry matter production of paddy rice [Oryza sativa] in Akita [Japan] Prefecture: A comparison between Ohgata Village and south Akita
2009
Kawashima, C.(Akita Prefectural Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Bioresource Sciences)
The differences in growth, yield and dry matter production of paddy rice between Ohgata Village and South Akita were compared. (1) The Ohgata rice showed a slow development of tillers, had a smaller number of tillers and spikelets per square meter (34000-35000), but had a large number of spikelets per panicle. It was the so-called as 'panicle-weight type'. (2) The yield per 10a in Ohgata (610 kg) was about 20 kg less than that in South Akita. (3) The dry weight of the above ground biomass in Ohgata (1522 g/square m) was almost the same as that in South Akita (1515 g/square m). The weight of panicle and withered part was lighter, and the stem and leaf weight were heavier in Ohgata. (4) The panicle dry weight markedly increased during the 30 days after heading in South Akita; however, in Ohgata, the increase was slightly less at around 10 days after heading. The stem dry weight decreased from 10 to 37 days after heading in both regions, but, thereafter, increased a little in South Akita. The dry weight of the withered part increased constantly in both regions, though it increased less in Ohgata. These results indicate that the inhibition of tiller development in the early growth stage in Ohgata, which was caused by the oceanic climate, relatively low water and soil temperature, irrigation management and greater soil nutrient retention, lead to the maintenance of 'high physiological activity of above ground part during ripening stage', though starch was translocated to the panicle less efficiently. These factors cause the difference in the thousand grain weight and yield between the two regions.
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