Flavonoids and other polyphenols of the cultivated species of the genus Phaseolus
2009
Onyilagha, J.C. (University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (USA). Dept. of Agriculture) | Islam, S. (University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (USA). Dept. of Agriculture)
Phaseolus, a member of the legume subtribe, Phaseolina, is an economically important genus comprising of several food crop species such as Phaseolus vulgaris (the red kidney bean), P. lunatus (butter bean) and P. coccineus (runner bean). Flavonoids and proanthocyanidin polyphenols play significant role in human health as antioxidants. To complement earlier studies on constitutive flavonoids in the leaves, we decided to investigate different flavonoids structures present in the stems of five cultivated species, P. vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. lunatus, P. polyanthus and P. zebra. Since the seed is the major edible part, and the leaves are used as vegetables in many countries, this study also investigated the presence and/or absence of proanthocyanidins in the seeds and leaves. Results indicated that proanthocyanidins are absent in the leaves of all the species, but present in their seeds. Flavonoids in the stems generally agreed with leaf flavonoi ds and placed the species into two groups, the flavone group (P. coccineus & P. polyanthus) and the flavonol group (P. vulgaris, P. lunatues & P. zebra). The biochemical data were used to assess the relationships between the five cultivated species. This biochemical information would be useful in plant selection and also in future breeding programs.
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