Expression profile of the Arabidopsis prolyl 4-hydroxylase gene family in response to hypoxia
2003
Vlad, D.-L.
The oxygen-sensing pathway seems to be conserved in mammals, flies, and worms as a recent indicate. At the heart of this model stands a transcription factor called HIF (hypoxia inducible factor) and a posttranslational modification hydroxylation, which is mediated by prolyl 4-hydroxylase and is inherently oxygen dependent. Those of the prolyl 4-hydroxylases that regulate HIF-1 stability are also present in many organisms indicating a central role for this enzyme in sensing hypoxia. Prolyl 4-hydroxylases are members of the superfamily of 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenases and have an absolute requirement of Fe (II) as a cofactor and dioxygen as a cosubstrate. In the cells and tissues of mammals, flies, and worms the activation of the family of hypoxia- inducible factors (HIFs), under low oxygen conditions, triggers the up-regulation of many genes. HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HPH) is a family of cytoplasmic prolyl 4-hydroxylases that have been shown to hydroxylate the HIFalpha subunit by a mechanism dependent on oxygen concentration.
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