[The influence of spring frosts on plum and cherry-plum productivity in the Republic of Tatarstan]
2008
Osipov, G.E. | Osipova, Z.A., Tatarstan Research and Development Institute of Agriculture, Kazan (Russian Federation)
For the twelve-year period of researches (1996-2007) in the Tekovskij department of gardening of the Tatarstan Research and Development Institute of Agriculture spring frosts were observed during flowering of plum and cherry-plum of trees in 1999, 2000 and 2002. In the other years spring frosts was not observed. Early frosts about -5 deg C in 1999 and -4 deg C in 2000 were before flowering. Therefore they did not cause the substantial damages of buds and decline of productivity. In 2002, the 15th on May early frosts about -8 deg C during flowering continued during three hours and caused the strong freezing of flowers and ovaries slightly. The anthers of all cultivars and forms of plum and cherry-plum did not freeze slightly. Flower freezing has a significant positively correlation with general freezing (r=0.42) and negative one with leaf water content (r=-0.44). The productivity of cultivars and forms of plum and cherry-plum correlates with flowering rate (r=0.66), while the last one depends on winter hardiness of reproductive buds (r=-0.47). On stability to the strong early frosts the plums were selected sort Kazanskaya, hybrids 8-4-10, 8-4-22 and 8-2-49. They are recommended to use as initial forms in selection on stability to the spring freezing and in the planting of gardens in the dangerous to early frosts regions
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