In vitro obtaining of barley tolerant to Al [aluminum] in acidic soil
2009
Shirokikh, I.G. | Shchupletsova, O.N. | Shchennikova, I.N., The N.V. Rudnitskiy Zonal Research and Development Inst. of North-Eastern Agriculture, Kirov (Russian Federation)
Spring barley varieties and hybrids are studied. They are characterized by a complex of valuable agronomic characters but they decrease their productivity on acid soils. An optimal scheme is developed for cell selection of barley regenerates resistant to toxic action of Al ions. Immature embryos isolated on the 12-16 day after pollination have been used for in vitro culture. Callus lines of 4 genotypes are estimated on acid culture medium with Al concentration ranges from 0 to 42 milligram/l. A consecutive selection is recommended on the mediums with pH 4.0 and Al content of the concentrations 40 mg/l and 20 mg/l for the stages of proliferation and morphogenesis respectively. In these conditions the all genotypes have acceptable resistance meanings and keep their regenerative ability. To use genotypes with lower resistance to Al is more effective, because a potential of adaptive variability of high resistance varieties is already exhausted. Plants and stable forms of a seeded generation have been regenerated from the selected resistant callus lines under mist propagation conditions. In some cases soma clones have exceeded standard ones by bush formation, kernel percentage and other productivity components. In field experiments productivity of the regenerated plants has been higher by 16.4-24.7% in compare with a standard variety (data for 5 years on average). Regenerated plants have special advantages at growing on soils with high Al content.
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