Effect of Different Types of Main Soil Tillage on Bean Yield under the Conditions of Dobrudzha Region
2010
Yankov, P., Dobroudja Agricultural Institute, General Toshevo (Bulgaria)
The investigation was carried out during 2003-2006 in the trial field of Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute on slightly leached chernozem soil type. A stationary field trial initiated in 1987 has been investigating 24 soil tillage systems based on different soil tillage tools and operations. The following field crops have been involved in 6-field crop rotation: wheat, grain maize, bean and sunflower. The following variants of main soil tillage were used in this analysis: ploughing at 24-26 cm, disking in autumn and double cultivation in spring check variant; cutting at 24-26 cm, disking in autumn and double cultivation in spring; double disking at 10-12 cm accompanied by autumn disking and double spring cultivation; direct sowing – pre-sowing treatment of field with total herbicide. With the reduction of the number and depth of the soil tillage operations in bean, the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight per plant and 1000 seed weight decreased. Replacing deep ploughing with plowless tillage, with shallow and no tillage lead to a significant decrease of seed yield from bean variety Abritus from 4.3 to 16.5 %.
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