Эффективность минеральных удобрений при возделывании яровой пшеницы на дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой почве
2008
Lapa, V.V. | Lomonos, M.M. | Kulesh, O.G., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry | Bliznyuk, N.A., Belarus State Agrarian Technical Univ., Minsk (Belarus)
Determination of the most effective doses and correlation ratio of mineral fertilizer doses for the spring wheat (Tricicum aestivum L.) of Rassvet variety was realized on the basis of the analysis of indices of yielding capacity, agronomic and economic effectiveness of mineral fertilizer application in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Application of organic and mineral fertilizers exercised the positive influence grain yield of spring wheat, which varied according to the applied fertilizer doses and in 2005 was 43,2-71,3 centner/ha, in 2006 - 43,7-62,8 centner/ha, and in 2007 - 41,7-70,6 centner/ha. Differences in the yielding capacity indices were depended on the weather conditions at the vegetation period. Research results showed that in course of three years the nitrogen fertilizers exercised the effect on yield formation. Agroeconomic effectiveness of use of nitrogen fertilizers depended on their application rate. Higher indices of agroeconomic effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers were obtained after application of N30-90 and a concurrent application of fertilizer manure (40t/ha) + P30K60 and made it possible to get 15,9-36,7 kg of grain. The main elements content in the main and sideline products proved to be an important index for the estimation of the effectiveness of fertilizer system in spring wheat cultivation. The content of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in grain and straw of spring wheat was marked by constant values independent of the applied fertilizer system and weather conditions. Calculation of the economic effectiveness of fertilizer application was realized taking into consideration the degree of quality of the obtained grain. It was established that increasing of mineral fertilizer doses caused the lowering of the profitability level for any grade quality of the obtained grain
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