Effect of irrigation on grain yield and physiological traits of winter wheat under oasis condition of northwest

chinois. 在河西绿洲生态条件下,研究了不同灌水处理对冬小麦产量及相关指标的影响.在冬水灌量相等的基础上分别在拔节期（J）、抽穗期（H）和灌浆期（F）设等量不等次、等次不等量共5种灌水处理,灌水量分别为J1650m. /hm. （W1）J、1200 m. /hm. ＋H1050 m. /hm. （W2）J、1050 m. /hm. ＋H1050 m. /hm. ＋F1050 m. /hm. （W3）、J750m. /hm. ＋H750 m. /hm. ＋F750 m. /hm. （W4）J、1050 m. /hm. ＋H750 m. /hm. ＋F450 m. /hm. （W5）.结果表明：各处理间单位面积籽粒产量、穗粒数、千粒质量、水分利用效率（WUE）、叶面积指数（LAI）、光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）和叶片相对含水量（RWC）均存在着显著或极显著的差异.籽粒产量以灌水量最多的W3处理最高,适量减少灌水量可以提高WUE.不同灌水处理下影响产量的主要因素是千粒质量和穗粒数.产量与开花期Pn呈显著正相关,但与各测定时期的Pn均值呈显著负相关.株高、生物产量、千粒质量、穗粒数等农艺指标与Pn呈阶段性相关.Pn、Tr、Gs和叶片RWC的相关性随生育时期的不同而变化.[著者文摘]

anglais. The effect of irrigation on grain yield and the related traits were studied under the northwest oasis ecological condition in winter wheat.Under the same irrigation of winter water,there were five irrigation treatments were designed with equal quantity-unequal times and equal times-unequal quantity at jointing（J）,heading（H） and grain filling（G）.The irrigation quota per hectare were J1650（W1）,J1200＋H1050（W2）,J1050＋H1050＋F1050（W3）,J750＋H750＋F750（W4）,J1050＋H750＋F450（W5）,espectively.The results showed that there were significant differences among the grain yield,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight,leaf area index（LAI）,water use efficiency（WUE）,photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）,stomatal conductance（Gs） and leaf relative water content（RWC）.The treatment of W3 had the highest grain yield but WUE could be enhanced by water saving.The grain yield had significant correlation with thousand grain weight（r=0.99＊＊）,grain number per spike（r=0.87＊） and Pn（r=0.92＊＊） of anthesis,however,grain yield had negative correlation with the mean valve of Pn for all measured times.The plant height,biology yield,thousand grain weight,grain number per spike had significant correlation with Pn in some growth stages.Between the traits of Pn,Tr,Gs or leaf RWC the correlation coefficient was changed at difference growth stages.