Influence of tillage system and starting N fertilization on seed yield and quality of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill
2010
Fecak, P.,Vyskumny Ustav Agroekologie, Michalovce (Slovak Republic) | Sarikova, D.,Vyskumny Ustav Agroekologie, Michalovce (Slovak Republic) | Cerny, I.,Slovenska Polnohospodarska Univ., Nitra (Slovak Republic)
This field polyfactorial trial with soybean was performed on gleyey alluvial soil in 2006-2008. Three tillage systems (conventional, reduced - spring shallow cultivation to a depth of 100 mm followed by drilling, no-tillage) and two doses of starting N (50 kg N/ha, 25 kg N/ha) were tested. The trial was organized in a complete randomized block design with four replicates. All data were subjected to ANOVA, LSD method and regression analysis using Statgraphics. Seed yield was highly significantly affected by weather conditions. Weather was the most dominant factor that influenced seed yield. The highest average yield was found in 2008 (2.77 t/ha) followed by 2.34 t/ha in 2006 and 1.98 t/ha in 2007. The stage of seed-filling was found as the most sensitive to water stress resulting in a yield reduction. Seed protein and oil were also highly significantly affected by weather. This influence, as compared with tillage system and starting N, was much higher. A negative correlation coefficient r = -0.96 was found between protein and precipitation, a positive correlation coefficient (r = 0.81) was calculated between oil and precipitation. Tillage system affected seed yield highly significantly. The highest average yield was observed with conventional tillage (2.60 t/ha). It was followed by reduced tillage (2.39 t/ha) and no-tillage (2.11 t/ha). The results do not support the choice of no-tillage for profitable soybean production on heavy soils. Starting N fertilization had a significant influence on seed yield. The average yield difference between the two starting N treatments was 0.05 t/ha in favour of the dose of 25 kg N/ha.
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