Analysis of Migration of the Oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholita molesta, in Apple-Cultivating Areas Based on Population Monitoring Using Sex Pheromone and RAPD Molecular Marker
2009
Kim, Y.G., Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea | Bae, S.W., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Son, Y.R., Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea | Park, J.A., Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
Local and seasonal populations of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, were monitored with sex pheromone trapping and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) molecular marker to analyze their movement in apple orchards. To detect their movements among farms, pheromone traps were placed at regions between apple farms ('outside-farms') as well as within-farms ('inside-farms'). Four seasonal adult peaks were evident in apple-cultivating fields from April to October in both trappings of inside- or outside-farms. After overwintering generation, populations of inside-farms were significantly reduced with frequent insecticide applications, compared to populations of outside-farms. Within apple farms, G. molesta tended to be unevenly distributed because of significant sublocal preference. Active movements of local and seasonal populations of G. molesta were supported by gene flow analysis using RAPD marker. Monitoring data using sex pheromone and seasonal reduction in initial genetic differentiation detected in the overwintering populations suggest that there must be significant movement of G. molesta among different orchards in apple-cultivating areas.
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