Effects of Mineral and Organic Fertilizations on Yield of Hot Pepper and Changes in Chemical Properties of Upland Soil
2009
Park, J.M., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, I.B., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kang, Y.I., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Hwang, K.S., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mineral and organic fertilizer application on pepper (Capsicum annuum) yield and soil chemical properties for 14 years from 1994 to 2007. For the experiment, experimental plots were established on a sandy loam soil with six treatments, which consisted of no fertilization (N∧0P∧0K∧0), N+P+K standard fertilization (NPK), N+P+K+compost (NPKC), P+K+compost (PKC), N+P+compost (NPC), and N+K+compost (NKC). During the 14-yr experimental period, organic matter contents in soil increased continuously at the rate of 1.11-1.17 gㆍkg-¹ㆍyr-¹ in the treatments with compost applications and 0.51-0.55 gㆍkg-¹ㆍyr-¹ in treatment with no compost application. The soil available phosphate in N∧0P∧0K∧0 treatment increased at the rate of 3.6 mgㆍkg-¹ㆍyr-¹, which was insignificant compared to those in compost applied treatments such as 16.1 mgㆍkg-¹ㆍyr-¹ in NKC and 45.0 mgㆍkg-¹ㆍyr-¹ in NPKC. As cultivation periods for pepper was extended, exchangeable potassium concentrations in soil tended to decline continuously. But, exchangeable potassium content in soil showed no further decline at the level of 0.22 cmolㆍkg-¹ in N∧0P∧0K∧0 and 0.50-0.71 cmolㆍkg-¹ in NPK treatment. Fruit yield and the amount of nutrient absorbed by pepper increased in the following order: N∧0P∧0K∧0 less than PKC less than NKC less than NPK approximately equal to or the image of NPC less than NPKC, indicating that hot pepper shows the greatest response to nitrogen. From the results of long-term mineral and organic fertilizer application, it is obvious that nitrogen is the important nutrient for production of pepper fruit. The amount of phosphate fertilization recommended currently for pepper should be reduced to avoid accumulation of phosphate in soil.
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