Parámetros de arquitectura y de crecimiento vegetativo de utilidad en la selección de nuevos cultivares de olivo
2009
Hammami, S.
In the current study, the architecture of more than 1000 juvenile plants was analyzed during the initial phase of the selection process. Three groups of parameters were used: numerical measurements, qualitative classifications and additional numerical measurements. The results demonstrated that both the numerical measurements and the qualitative classifications allowed the characterization of distinct architectural tendencies among genotypes and progenies at this early stage of the breeding process, an indication that these parameters are potentially useful as early selection criteria. Furthermore, the correlations observed between some of the parameters of the three different groups allow the reduction of the number of measurements or classifications necessary in order to clearly characterize the plant growth habit. In addition, the progeny genotypes were grouped for different architectural parameters according to their female parent genotype, suggesting the possibility of genetic control acting in olive tree architecture. The second moment at which the use of architectural parameters in the selection process is of interest is after the plants have passed a first selection phase based on their earliness of entry into production. At that time the material under selection is composed of plants produced from rooted cuttings taken from adult zones of the preselected genotypes. For this stage, 6 new preselections were evaluated in a comparative experiment using random blocks, together with the cultivars Picual and Arbequina which had been parents of the preselections. The results revealed differences in vigor between the preselections and the parent genotypes. Also the branch diameter measurements distinguished among genotypes and appeared to be correlated with characteristics related to tree productivity
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