Формирование продуктивности насаждений смородины черной при индустриальных технологиях возделывания
2009
Zhidekhina, T.V. | Noskova, T.V., The I.V. Michurin All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Horticulture, Tambov Region (Russian Federation)
Black currant grown in the Tambov Region by the conventional method (3x1m) (CM) and on trellis (4x0.3 m) was evaluated for yield. Four varieties of black currant were involved: Belorusskaya Sladkaya, Malenkij Prints, Tamerlan, Titania. Trellis system is characterized in an increase of the mean weight of black currant berry by 21.0-28.9% and the number of berries in raceme by 20-25% compared to the CM system. On trellis system in connection with specific cutting and green operations a fewer number of racemes is formed per 1 m of fruiting wood compared to CM, except for variety Tamerlan. The variety had racemes more by 17.1%, that could be explained by a capability to form several racemes per a fruiting nodule in low and middle parts of annual growth. The differences of black currant varieties in the general length of fruiting wood in the bush system were considerable and varied from 11.86 to 18.19 m/bush. In the trellis system by cutting the range of variability of this feature was much less and varies from 6.06 to 7.05 m/bush. Malenkiy Prints and Tamerlan are characterized by high yields both for the bush method and for trellis method. On average over 5 years the yield of berries per one plant varied from 1.3 to 1,9 kg for trellis method and from 1.8 to 2.5 kg for the CM. Thus, the trellis method increases the total yield of black currant over 5 fruiting years compared to the bush method by 22.7-36.8 t/ha or 73.9-86.0%
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