Ecological and biological assessment of improvers for soil's detoxication from heavy metals | Эколого-биологическая оценка мелиорантов для детоксикации почв, загрязнённых тяжёлыми металлами
2010
Egorova, E.V., Lomonosov Moscow State Univ. (Russian Federation)
The results of Russian and foreign studies of the last decade in studying ameliorants reducing the mobility and entering into the pants of heavy metals have been summarized. The results of studying in using as detoxicants of soils contaminated with heavy metal ameliorants from mineral and organic raw materials, as well as microorganisms and biopreparations have been considered. Chemical amelioration of soils involves mineral sorbents having a high ion-exchange capability having both a crystal and amorphous structure. The high specific sorption capability with respect to cadmium was found out by testing a ameliorant sorbent made on the basis of clay minerals. The qualitative characteristics of natural sorbents can be improved by chemical and temperature exposure. Such as sorbent having predetermined properties (a long acting agro-ameliorant) has been made and tested in the Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology. Some researches have found out a feasibility of phosphogypsum for chemical amelioration of contaminated soils. Ameliorants from organic raw materials – humic preparations that are produced from lignin, sapropel, brown coal, organic waste. Humic and humic-like substances due to the high content and wide set of functional groups fix cations of heavy metals in low mobile complex compounds, improve the buffer capability of soil. Data with respect to using microorganisms for soil detoxication arte much fewer. As is found, microorganisms are capable of immobilizing heavy metals reducing thereby their entering the plants. Over the recent years some new fertilizers characterized by high sorption capability were tested
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