Response of sunflower to different types of fertilizer and nitrogen levels in the rain-fed area of the Blue Nile State
2007
El-Hassan, O.M., Agricultural Research Corporation, Damazin Research Station, Damazin (Sudan) | Ali, E.A., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Mohamed, A.E., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Mohamed, M.Y., Agricultural Research Corporation, Sennar Research Station (Sudan)
Field experiments were conducted during the rainy season of 2004 and 2005 at Damazin Research Farm. The objective was to study the effects of fertilizer types and nitrogen levels on growth, seed yield and %oil content of sunflower. The treatments consisted of four types of fertilizer \{urea (46% N), ammonium sulphate nitrate (26% N + 14% S), ammonium sulphate (21% N + 24% S) and nitrophoska (18:18:5% N:P:K)\}, each applied at three levels of nitrogen (½N, 1N and 1½N). 0N was used as a control. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Data was statistically analyzed and final yield data was subjected to economic evaluation. The results showed that 1½N/fed nitrophoska (NPK) resulted in the shortest period of maturity (103 days) and the tallest plants compared to other treatments. All fertilizer treatments showed significantly greater stem diameter than the control (0N). The ammonium sulphate (AS) at 1½N level showed higher yield followed by urea, NPK and ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) at the same level. Generally, all N treatments gave significantly larger disc diameter, 100 seed weight and higher number of seeds/disc. The ½N urea, ½N ammonium sulfate, 1N urea, and 1½ N urea are the most economical viable fertilizer types and levels. The study recommended ½N AS (9 kg N/fed) i.e. 43 kg/fed and 1N urea (18 kg N/fed) i.e. 39 kg/fed for sunflower production under rain-fed condition of the Blue Nile State
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