Response of two maize (zea mays l.) varieties to varying rates of two phosphorus sources in the Sudan Gezira
2009
Salih, M.A., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Ali, E.S., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Babiker, E.A., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Ali, N.A., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan)
Grain yield and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) response of two maize varieties to phosphorus (P) sources and rates were investigated in a 3 year field experiment (2004-2006) at the Gezira Research Station. The experimental design was a split- split plot where an open pollinated variety (Mugtama-45) and a hybrid (H- 351) were the main plot. Phosphorus sources (Triple super phosphate and NPK 23:23) were the sub plot and the 3 phosphorus rates (0, 43 and 86 kg P205/ha) were the sub-sub plot. Significant (P 0.01) differential variety response of maize grain yield to phosphorus sources and rates was detected. Regardless of the varieties and the P source, maize grain yield was significantly increased by the incremental rates of P over the control (0P). The percent increase in grain yield due to the application of 43 and 86 kg P205 over the control were 11 and 16% respectively. Irrespective of P source and rates, H- 351 out yielded Mugtma-45 by 30%. Similar pattern of responses were detected for effective ear length, number of kernels per row and kernel weight. Phosphorus uptake by maize grains was significantly (P 0.01) increased over the control by P application. The percent increase in P uptake by grain due to the application of 43 and 86 kg P205 over the control were 50 and 75 % respectively. Regard less of the P rates or source, H-351 had higher P uptake by grains than Mugtama-45. The percent increase in P uptake by the hybrid over the open pollinated variety was 40%. Generally and regardless of the varieties or P source, the higher the P rate, the lower the phosphorus use efficiency. Across the two varieties and P sources, every kg of P applied resulted in 15 and 11 kg of grains for 43 and 86 kg P205 respectively
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