Antioxidant enzyme activies, lipid hydroperoxide in human erythrocytes mediated by mono and di-cation: potential role of gallic acid and rosemary extract
2010
Al-Mustafa, A.H.
The effect of Li+1, Cs+1, Ni +2, Mg+2, Mg+2 and Ba+2 ions on human erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes was studied. Three doses of each metal (10, 50 and 100 µM) were evaluated by their effect on the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GpX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxide level (lipid peroxidation) indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. Also, the antioxidant activities of rosemary extract and gallic acid in the presence of these metals were examined. Compared to the control, GpX, CAT and GR activities were significantly increased, while the GST activity was significantly decreased in Ni +2 and Li+1treated cells, whereas, Cs+1 caused a significant increase in GpX, CAT, and GST and decrease in GR activities. However, Ba+2 showed no significant differences in GpX activity, while CAT and GSTs increased and GR decreased significantly. Also, Mg+2 significantly increased the GpX, GR, CAT and GSTs activities. Mo+2 showed a significant decrease in GR activity at high concentration, while GpX, CAT and GSTs increased significantly. Li+1, Cs+1, Ni+2, Mo+2 and Ba+2 caused an increase in MDA formation, whereas, Mg+2 at 100 µM caused a significant decrease in MDA compared to low concentrations. Gallic acid and rosemary extract inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA) by 28 to 64% and 9 to 48%, respectively. The results of this study suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be involved in the Li+1, Cs+1, Ni +2, Mo+2, Mg+2 and Ba+2 toxicity and their ability to increase or maintain GpX, CAT, GST and GR activities and MDA formation. Gallic acid and rosemary extract as antioxidant were found to inhibit MDA production under oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, these results indicate that gallic acid and rosemary are capable of protecting erythrocytes against ROS.
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