Chemical Properties and Nutrient Loadings of Rainwater during Farming Season
2010
Ko, B.G., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang, Republic of Korea | Kim, M.K., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, J.S., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, G.Y., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Park, S.J., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kwon, S.I., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Jung, G.B., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, D.B., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea
Acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and environmental problems related to the air pollution in East Asia has been emerging. To evaluate the acidity and chemical characteristics of rainwater precipitated in western Korea, Suwon and Taean, its pH and ion concentrations were investigated during farming season (April to November) in 2009. Also, ion composition and cation-affected neutralization were determined to evaluate the contribution of cations on the acidity of rainwater. Ion and electrical conductivity between the measured and the estimated showed high correlation. The Na+ in rainwater was the main cation followed by NH₄+ greater than Ca²+ greater than H+ greater than Mg²+ greater than K+. Sum of Na+ and NH₄+ contents was over 65% of total cations contents. In the case of anions, the concentration was in order of SO₄²- greater than NO₃- greater than Cl-. The SO₄²- among anions in rainwater composed about 61%, which showed on average 130.2 μeq L-¹ and 121.3 μeq L-¹ during monitoring at Suwon and Taean, respectively. Also, 89.6 and 88.6% of soluble sulfate in rainwater at Suwon and Taean area was NSS-SO₄²- (Non-Sea Salt sulfate). Especially, NH₄+ and Ca²+ contributed greatly in neutralizing the acid rain in dry season. Total nitrogen content flowed into soil from rain was around 1~2 kg ha-¹ in each month, but in July at Suwon, it reached 6 kg ha-¹ due to heavy rain (over 7.3 mm).
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