Winter wheat yield depending on sowing date, rate and cultivar | Ziemas kviešu raža atkarībā no sējas termiņa, izsējas normas un šķirnes
2011
Urbans, R., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology | Gaile, Z., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the main cereal grown in Latvia. Appropriate plant development in autumn is important for good crop wintering, but good wintering is crucial for obtaining high yield. The aim of our research was to test sowing date, rate and cultivar influence on winter wheat yield. Field trial was carried out in the Research and Study Farm „Vecauce” during 2010/2011. Wheat was sown on five different dates starting with 1 September and with 10-days intervals. Three cultivars ‘Olivin’, ‘Fredis’ and ‘Skagen’ were sown on every date using three sowing rates: 300, 400 and 500 germinate able kernels per 1 m2. Winter was long, cold and very rich with snow which snowed on unfrozen soil. Such conditions are favourable for snow mould (Fusarium nivale) development and perishing of plants sown on earlier dates. Results showed that the highest yields without reference to sowing rate and cultivar were obtained if wheat was sown on 20 September and later, but after one trial year it is not possible to recommend sowing as late as on 30 September and later. When sowing was done on 10 September tendency was observed that lowest sowing rate provided higher yield. In opposite – starting with 20 September better results showed variants when 400-500 germinate able kernels were used. From three used cultivars the highest and more stable yield provided cultivar ‘Skagen’, but the most susceptible to early sowing in particular wintering conditions was ‘Olivin’.
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