Propuesta metodológica para la planificación de la restauración ecológica de la cuenca del río Piedra como herramienta para el desarrollo rural
2010
Miranda Mojica, B.T.
In this study, an assessment of the ecological state of the Piedra river basin was carried involving analyses of the catchment’s environmental services. This process was made by a biophysical analysis of the catchment to define Environmental Units (EU) over the territory that facilitates the assessment of ecosystem services. A total of 11 ecosystem services were evaluated through quantifiable, measurable and mappable indicators that were spatially analyzed. This allowed the identification of deficient and optimal ecosystem services functions over each EU. Through this process we defined the generic restoration actions taking into account the poor services for each Environmental Unit. The current environmental status of the watershed is defined through the evaluation of environmental services using multicriteria analysis. This allowed locating degraded and well preserved sites on the basin. We defined a hierarchical classification of degraded areas to prioritize restoration activities on the watershed. According to the results obtained most of the basin (81 per cent) had areas with deficiencies in the provision of environmental services although they meet certain ecological functions of services, 17.25 per cent of the basin provides optimum conditions services which is generally associated with forest cover and 1.29 per cent are degraded lands that are associated with areas of urban areas, mining areas, fruit crops, irrigated crops in some areas of grassland‐scrub. In addition, the evaluation of the potential contribution of the ecological restoration of the watershed to rural development area was performed through the qualitative analysis of three restoration scenarios at long‐term (30 years). For this, we compared the environmental, social and economic advantages and disadvantages of restoration scenarios with respect to the present conditions
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