Characteristics of special importance in red clover (Trifolium pratensis L.) breeding
2008
Vasiljević, S., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Lugić, Z., Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac (Serbia) | Šurlan-Momirović, G., Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Ivanović, M., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)
In addition to the classic selection targeted on the development of high-yielding red clover cultivars resistant to economically important diseases and possessing satisfactory quality, new breeding objectives have been defined which are aimed at the development of highly adapted cultivars specialized for growing in particular regions. Regarding the letter set of objectives, it is particularly important to evaluate initial breeding material for the morphological and biological characteristics (date of flowering, persistence, growth type) that indirectly or directly affect the forage yield performance and crop persistence. Flowering is a complex characteristic which is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Beginning of flowering has always been considered as an important parameter in red clover because it served to classify cultivars into early, mid-season and late ones. Poor persistence of red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a major problem that prevents further expansion of this forage legume important for the production of quality feed. Causes of inferior persistence of red clover have never been adequately explained, although suspicion has been placed on fungal diseases, insect attacks and unfavorable weather conditions. It is of interest to note that the numerous investigations of this phenomenon failed to isolate pathogens that could be suspected as potential causes of crown necrosis.
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