Weed florae [i.e. flora] and efficiency studies of herbicides in sunflower crops | Korovska flora i ispitivanje efikasnosti herbicida u usevu suncokreta
2010
Konstantinović, B., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Meseldžija, M., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Korać, M., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia)
Together with oil seed rape sunflower is the most important oil culture in Serbia. As broadcasting spring row crop of wide inter-row distance, in early stages of development it represents poor competition to the weeds. After germination and early development phases, sunflower grows slowly, which causes fast weediness of the free inter-row space, and choking or squeezing of the culture from that area. According to previous researches, floristic sunflower weed composition is similar to the vegetation of weed vegetation of other row-crop cultures, due to similar cultural practices and planting density of crops that cause microclimatic conditions. The highly abundant and distributed are the following weed cultures: Amarantus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Chenopodium album, Convolvulus arvensis, Datura stramonium, Hibiscus trionum, Polygonum lapathifolium Setaria glauca, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum nigrum, Solanum halepense, Xanthium strumarium and other. Appropriate use of cultural practice, crop rotation and newer herbicides represent the key measures in the integrated protection of sunflower crop from weeds. Efficiency studies of newer herbicide molecules are of the substantial significance for determination of spectrum of action to different weed species, as well as of selectivity to sunflower as cultivated plant.
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