Development of the investigations of humus substances in Bulgaria
2009
Pachev, I., Institute for Forage Crops, Pleven (Bulgaria) | Krastanov, S., Institute of Soil Science N. Poushkarov, Sofia (Bulgaria)
The development of the investigations of soil organic matter was examined in three directions: - origin and characteristics of humus, agronomic and ecological directions. The main stages of the research work are presented. The examined questions treat the conditions of humification of crop residues and detritus, content, supplies, composition and nature of organic matter in vertical zonality and geographic aspect. Physiological activity of humic acids and distribution and forms of organic nitrogen, influence of different processes of humus formation on the complex - forming capacity of humic acids and fulvo acids and strength of metal-soil bonds were studied. A model was worked out and suggested for optimization of quantity of labile groups of the soil organic matter with a view to maintaining a high level of soil fertility. Influence of main climatic and meteorological characteristics on the dynamics of transformation of crop residues and detritus in the nature and character of humus systems was followed up. It is necessary to study the interactions of soil-ecological factors and quantitative interrelations between them with working out and use of contemporary agroecological models for increase of agricultural production and maintenance of soil fertility. The elaboration of scientifically substantiated prognoses for soil conservation should be performed with sufficient information provision and agroecological prognostication.
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