Genotype variability and stability in seed and forage yields of cowpea under Gezira conditions
2010
Abd-Elrhman, B.M., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Meseka, S.K., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Ali, E.S., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Ibrahim, E.S., University of Gezira, Wad Medani (Sudan). Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
An experiment was conducted for three consecutive seasons (summer, autumn and winter) in 2006 at Gezira University Farm, Wad Medani, Sudan, to estimate stability and genetic variability of seed and forage yields and their components in 15 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp) genotypes. Plant height, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to pod maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, fresh forage yield and harvest index were measured in autumn, while only seed and forage yields were measured in summer and winter. Analysis of autumn season only showed significant differences among genotypes for all studied characters. High broad sense heritability estimates ( 80%) were recorded for plant height, days to first flowering, number of pods per plant, pod weight, fresh forage yield and harvest index. Autumn was the best of the three seasons in terms of seed yield, suggesting that most of the genotypes responded relatively better under rainfed conditions than irrigated, whereas summer was the best in terms of fresh forage yield. Seed yield stability estimates revealed that IT98K-412-13 and IT98K-131-2 were the most stable genotypes for seed yield, while, IT89KD-288 and IT95K52-34 were the most stable genotypes for forage yield. Two genotypes, IT95K-52-34 and IT98K-311-8-2, were identified as dual purpose (forage and seed) genotypes. These two genotypes would fit well in the Sudanese agricultural system where cowpea is being grown both for food and animal feed
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