Physiological and biochemical parameters as potential drought stress indicators | Fyziologicko-biochemické parametre ako možné bioindikátoty stresu zo sucha
2009
Kmeť, J., Technical University in Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Forestry | Ditmarová, Ľ., Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Institute of Forest Ecology | Kurjak, D., Technical University in Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Forestry
Drought and/or water deficit in plants results in disturbed water balance and asymmetry of water intake and water requirements of a plant during the ontogeny. At semi-arid conditions, water deficit is a frequent phenomenon, which plants have to balance depending on their resistence and/or tolerance of drought. Water stress can also be induced by various ecological interactions. Stress signals can be transmitted by below-ground as well as above-ground organs, whose position in space and time is quite stable. The sole existence of a stress signal does not yet mean that plants suffer from drought. The problem is complex and requires explicit definition of terms such as drought, water deficit, water stress, which are frequenty used in a confusing way in physiology. The question is whether the primary impulse for adaptation changes in plants associated with drought is the decreased water potential or stress accompanying water deficit in plants. Evidence for drought signals in plant tissues is also an important question. Drought stress induces numerous physiological and biochemical reactions of plants. A wide spectrum of methodological approaches is employed in the study of drought tolerance in plants. The presented study deals in detail with practical application of the measurement of parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence, gasometry, assessment of photosynthetic pigment concentration, measurement of water potential of assimilatory organs, and assessment of free praline content. The working hypothesis in defining the research objectives was that water deficit essentially limits physiological activity of plants. The selected physiological and biochemical markers will mainly be used in the studies of the reaction of spruce trees on different levels of water supply, which allows us characterizing some symptoms and consequences of drought.
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