Effect of moderate red wine consumption on the development and progression of metabolic syndrome as a complex risk factor for cardiovascular disease and Diabetes mellitus II.

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a set of clinical symptoms that are related to the development of cardiovascular disease. These abdominal obesity, which is the strongest associate with the metabolic syndrome and clinically manifested increasing waist circumference and ratio of waist to hip, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, which is reflected in the routine diagnosis of increased levels of triglycerides and reduced levels of HDL-cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and/or various forms of glucose intolerance, proinflammatory and prothrombotic state. Epidemiological, experimental and clinical investigations have shown that diets supplemented with moderate quantities of alcoholic beverages lead to biochemical changes that are widely regarded to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Red wine contains naturally rich sources of antioxidants which may protect the body from oxidative stress. We investigated the relationship between red wine intake and lipids profile, glucose, blood pressure and WHR index changes. Participants consumed 200 ml of red wine Frankovka modra (VÍNO-MASARYK, s.r.o., Skalica) each day during supper for six weeks and were encouraged to maintain their usual diet and exercise habits. Daily intake of Frankovka modra during six weeks was associated with lower plasma levels of total cholesterol (5.66 plusminus 1.12 vs 5.36 plusminus 1.04), triglycerides (1.68 plusminus 0.23 vs 1.47 plusminus 0.66), LDL-cholesterol (3.46 plusminus 0.81 vs 3.26 plusminus 0.76) and glucose (5.35 plusminus 0.82 vs 5.26 plusminus 0.78). On the contrary we recorded higher level of "good" HDL cholesterol (1.42 plusminus 0.63 vs 1.80 plusminus 0.58). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was also decreased and diastolic blood pressure after six weeks of consumption of red wine decreased statistically significantly. Research results have shown that moderate consumption of red wine have a positive impact on changes waist and ultimately to the Waist to Hip Ratio. Our study demonstrates a positive association between moderate wine consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.