Potential corn smut harmfulness in early maturing hybrids | Потенциальная вредоносность пузырчатой головни кукурузы на скороспелых гибридах
2011
Buga, S.F. | Zherdetskaya, T.N., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute of Plant Protection
In course of three year research there was studied the maize (Zea mays) smut harmfulness on early maturing, hybrids Bemo 172 CB and Nemo 216 CB. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus in 2008-2010. As a result of realized research there was revealed a potential kill possibility of seeds and radicles infected by Ustilago zeae fungus teliospores. Under artificial infectious ground conditions grain yield decreases from plants infected in a different degree by the disease was determined. The biological threshold of harmfulness was calculated. The role of threshold of harmfulness on the reproductive organs in the tactics of crop protection against the disease was calculated. Harm could be shown: in destruction of the affected seeds, sprouts and plants; a shortage of a grain yield from the affected plants and their infertility. The minimum authentic losses of a crop were observed at formation of smut swellings instead of 5 caryopses on an ear. The highest losses of a crop were caused by diseases at infection of seeds and ears in the beginning of their formation. The photos illustrating radicles, seedlings, stem root neck; caryopses in cob infection by corn smut were presented.
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