Study on seed and oil yield stability and adaptation of winter safflower varieties in rainfed condition

Studies showed that safflower inwinter planting alwayes has more yield compared to spring planting in rain fed condition and it can be in rotation with wheat and checkpea. To study seed yield adaptabiliry and stability this investigation carried out with 15 promising varieties of safflower that selected from previous experiments along with check variety (Zarghan 279) in RCBD with 4 replications in 9 locations viz; Kerrnanshah, Maragheh, lIam, Gonbad, Ardabil, Kordestan, Shirvan, Gachsaran and Lorestan in 2 years under rainfed condition. Each variety was planted in 5 rows with 6 m length and 30 ern rows spacing and 60 ern plots spacing. Several agronomic triats were recorded during growth period also seed weight and yield were mesured ~fter harvesting. All the genotypes killed due to; cold and frost in Maragheh, so results came out from other 8 locations. The results of simple analysis of variance in each location showed that difference between seed yield of varieties were significant. Due to leaf Spot desiases causing by Alternaria carthami the seed yield in Gonbad was affected severly so, this data rbjected from pooled analysis of variance and it leads to reduce chi-squair in Bartlet's test. Pooled analysis o.'f variance showed significant differences between seed yield, seed weight and days to flowering of varieties I'and non-significant in rest of characters. Varietyxyear interaction effect was significant only for 1 ODD-seed \\Yeight. Varietyxlocation interaction effect was significant for days to flowering and lOOO-seed weight. But Va:rietyxyearxlocation interaction effect was significant for all characters under study. Above results showed tpat varieties should be evaluated in different years and locations. Seed yield range of varieties was 842.1 to' 1383.3 Kg/ha belong to Check variety (Zarghan 279) and CH-5, respectively. Variety PI-537598 with 1347.2' Kg/ha was in same class with CH-5 for seed yield. PI-537598 and CH-5 with the highest seed yield had regrdssion coeficient 1.19 and l.ll, respectively. Deviation from regression for seed yield in these two genotypes Were 19686.3 and 21244.7, respectively. Results of rank method showed that PI-537598 with rank mean 2.5 ,'for seed yield was the best genotypes. Rank standard deviation of seed yield in this genotype was 1.92 that w~s the lowest and showed that this genotype in 14 environments (2 years and 7 locations) have had good performance. Check variety (Zarghan 279) had the lowest seed yield mean (842.1 Kg/ha) and the lowest rank among the genotypes. Rank standard deviation of seed yield in this genotype was 2.97 revealed that check variety in most of environments have had low rank. In general, the results of this ihvestigation showed that PI-537598 with high seed yield and good adaptability and stability can placed in rotation with wheat in winter planting under rain-fed condition.