Study of genetic diversity of wild and domestic cornelian cherry ( Cornus mas L.) populations based on morphological and cytological characteristics.
2010
Qanavati, Farangis | Pirayesh, A`del | Javadi Saber, Javad | Zargaran, Mahtab | Zarifi, I`sa | Kiyani, Majid | Va`ezi, Shahin | Mozaffari, Javad
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) belongs to the family Cornaceae. It is a tall deciduous shrub or small tree of 5 to 8 m high. This plant is popular in Southern Europe and Asia. Fruits of these species are not only consumed fresh but also used to produce jam, jelly, stewed fruit, marmalade, syrup and several types of soft drinks. It is also used for medicinal purposes due to properties of stalk and fruits. The leaves and seed of this species is used in pharmaceuticals. The tree is also valuable for ornamentation as an evergreen broadleaf plant. Despite the widespread use of cornelian cherry, a few studies on this plant have been conducted in Iran. In this research, some physico-chemical, pomological, nutritional and cytological properties of 6 types of cornelian cherry collected from Iran were determined. The fruit characteristics ranged from 1.532 to 4.65 g for fruit weights, 11.11 to 14.02 for flesh/seed ratio, 1.57 to 2.00 g per mg for total acidity (as malic acid), 8.2 to 16.3 TSS/acid ratio, 7.4 to 11.5% for total sugar and 8.3 to 10.6 for reducing sugar, the average length and width of fruit ranged from 17.54 to 22.87 mm, 12.81 to 18.00 mm respectively. Based on these characteristics the accession collected from Loushan was better than the others and may be more useful for introduction, propagation and utilization in the world. Cytological examination showed that all accessions were diploid with 18 chromosomes with the basic chromosome number of x=9 and their chromosomal type was metacentric and sub-metacentric.
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