The impact of environmental agreements on the Malaysian rubber industry
2007
Chan, Lai Har, Malaysian Rubber Board
Environmental Agreements (EAs) can have important effects on the rubber industry in Malaysia. Three Eas are selected and their possible effects are analysed in this paper. They are The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol; the Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) and the International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA) now replace by a new Tropical Timber Trade Pact. For the UNFCCC the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is highlighted as a mechanism which allows Land Use and Land Use Conversion and Forestry (LULUCF) activities (including planting of rubber forests) to be used by developed countries of Annex 1 countries to reduce their greenhouse gases to below their 1990 levels as specified in the Kyoto Protocol of the UNFCCC. Under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) member countries must, among others, develop national plans for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity; es tablish laws to protect threatened species; rehabilitate and restore degraded ecosystems; undertake environmental impact assessment and prevent the prevent the introduction of alien species which threaten ecosystems. The International Tropical Timber Organisation (ITTO) was established by the International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA) 1983. ITTO has developed a set of Principles, Criteria and Indicators (C and I) for forest species as well as those for planted forests. There are 66 Principles governing the sustainable management of planted forests, including rubber forests. All the three Eas require member countries (including their rubber sector) to undertake measures to ensure that their activities do not damage biodiversity and they must protect the environment as well as the rights of communities and natives.
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