Hybrid rice research in Malaysia.
1994
Guok H.P.
Hybrid rice research in the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute utilizes the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) method. Local CMS lines, (e.g., RU2340A, MR118A, MR83A, and MR112A) were developed through backcrossing programs. To date, more than 30 desirable restorer lines have been identified for use in hybrid seed production. Forty-eight F1 hybrids were evaluated in five separate yield trials from 1988-89 main season (MS) through 1991 off-season (OS) to identify heterotic hybrids. Four hybrids significantly outyielded check variety MR84 by 16.7-39.2 percent. The high-yielding hybrid IR58025 A/IR29723-143-3-2-1R was identified as a potential experimental hybrid to be multiplied in bigger quantities for multiplication testing. Other hybrids could not be evaluated further due to low outcrossing on CMS lines or unstable CMS lines. Correlation studies using 1988-89 MS yield trial data indicated that number of grains/panicle correlated significantly with yield. On the other hand, grain yield was negatively correlated with percent sterility (r = 0.57, p = 0.01). Panicle number and 1000-grain weight were not significantly correlated with grain yield. Seed yields of CMS lines obtained during seed multiplication, using IR58025A and IR62829A, were higher in 1990-91 MS (1.0-1.6 t/ha) than in 1990-91 OS. These two CMS lines were used as female parents to produce experimental hybrids using local and IRRI restorer lines as pollinators for the production of local hybrids.
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