Microinjerto de apices caulinares de citricos: estudio de diversos parametros que afectan el prendimiento y obtencion de plantas libres de virus.
1994
Hernandez Soto S.
In this work, several parameters to improve the caulinar apex shoot tip-grafting technique of Citrus have been studied. The influence of the temperature on the germination of Citrange Troyer rootstock, the evolution of in vitro grafted apices and the elimination of two tristeza and two psoriasis isolates have been evaluated. The effect of growth regulators on the recovery of successful grafts has also been studied. It has been demonstrated that the germination temperature between 20 and 30 degrees C induced changes on plantlet growth, so that rootstocks ready to be grafted could be available at different periods. Therefore, germination temperature modified the percentage of successful grafting of caulinar apices. At 35 degrees C the lowest number of developed apices was obtained. As for culture temperatures of grafted plants, it has been observed that the number of developed apices was similar at 25, 30 and 35 degrees C after 75 days of culture. However, at 35 degrees C the leaflets of the plants showed alterations and at 37 degrees C the apices did not resist more than 20 days. Tristeza virus was easily eliminated by shoot tip-grafting of caulinar apices so that evaluation of temperature effect in vitro was not possible. On the other hand, the psoriasis complex, a disease of difficult elimination by shoot tip-grafting, was inactivated in grafted plants with 0.2-0.3 mm apices when cultivated during 75 days at 35 degrees C. No significative effect of phytohormones on the grafting success was observed.
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