Etude de polymorphismes genetiques en relation avec les performances de production chez les bovins.
1995
Falaki M.
Interest of marker-assisted selection, which is more efficient than conventional selection, has been reawakened this last decade since the development of new molecular biology techniques. The identification of genetic markers is the first step before use of marker information in selection decision. For this purpose, the objective of this study was to reveal possible relationships of restriction fragment length polymorphisms at (or around) different loci (growth hormones and its receptor, prolactin, MUC-I) and milk proteins polymorphisms to production traits in Italian Holstein-Frisian and Simmental bovine breeds. Some finding appeared to be of great interest because of their practical implications. This was the case for the medium frequent patterns GH-Mspl BCD (45,9 percent), unfavorable for body growth rate, and GHR-Taql BC (41,4 percent), unfavorable for milk and protein yields. Moreover, high level performances for milk yield was significantly associated with the presence of the infrequent patterns GH-Taql BB, GHR-Taql BCF and MUC-EcoRI AB. The same observation was noticed for the rare patterns GHR-Taql CD and BEF (milk protein content), GHR-Taql CDEF (milk protein yield), MUC-EcoRI AA (milk fat protein yields and content) and GHR-Taql BCEF (yearling body weight). The beta-lactoglobuline B variant was favourable on milk fat content and both the alfa 21-casein genotype BC and the kappa-casein variant B were found to have a positive effect on milk protein content. Incorporation of information from these results may bring noticeable additional genetic gain in the influenced traits.
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