[Cianuro residual en trozos de yuca procesados relacionado con insectos durante el almacenamiento].
1995
Rajamma P. | Padmaja G. | Lakshmi K.R.
This laboratory study studied the effect of the cyanogens present in dried cassava chips on the storage insects Araecerus fasciculatus (DeGeer) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.). The effect of parboiling on reducing insect infestation was also studied. Low cyanide cultivars M4 and CE 501 and high-cyanide cultivars 76-9, S 300, and CE 512 were used; HCN content in the former ranged from 145 to 168 mg/kg DM, and in the latter, from 202 to 291. Sun-dried chips from low-cyanide cultivars had 77-83 mg HCN k(-1) DM, while those from high-cyanide cultivars had 125-164. Parboiled chips retained more cyanide than sun-dried chips. Both free-choice and no-choice tests were used to study the effect of the residual cyanide in processed chips on the feeding behavior and population buildup of storage pests. Sun-dried chips of CE 512, with higher residual cyanide, were the least preferred by pests; M4 chips, with low cyanide, were preferred the most. Parboiled chips were least; preferred by both insects because of their hardness. In the free-choice test, from 21 to 26 adult progeny of A. fasciculatus developed from low-cyanide chips, whereas 6 to 16 developed from high-cyanide chips. No adults emerged from parboiled chips. Adult emergence values for S. oryzae ranged from 13 to 20 in low cyanide cultivars and from 2 to 7 in high-cyanide cultivars. In no-choice tests, apparent weight loss caused by A. fasciculatus was significantly higher (7.0 percent- 17.8 percent) in plain chips compared to parboiled chips (1.1 percent-2.5 percent). Maximum weight loss in plain chips occurred in variety M4 and minimum weight loss in CE 512. Weight loss caused by S. oryzae was also significantly higher in plain chips of low-cyanide cultivars.
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