Effects of the mycotoxins, nivalenol and zearalenone, in maize naturally infected with Fusarium graminearum on the performance of growing and pregnant pigs.
1994
Williams K.C. | Blaney B.J.
Maize naturally infected with Fusarium graminearum and containing 11.5 mg nivalenol per kg and 3 mg zearalenone per kg was fed to grower and pregnant pigs in 5 experiments. Inclusions of infected maize at 500 and 750 g per kg in diets for grower pigs caused a deterioration of all performance traits in a 14 day experiment: voluntary feed intake (VFI); average daily gain (ADG); and feed conversion ratio (FCR). In a paired-feeding experiment of 8 weeks duration, the VFI, ADG and FCR of grower pigs progressively worsened with increasing infected maize content. However, when pigs were fed a nutritionally similar control diet, their ADG intakes matched to those achieved by pigs given the mycotoxin-containing diets, their ADG and FCR were not significantly different. Feeding pigs with infected maize caused a marked and dose dependent depression in white cell and neutrophil counts. In 2 studies on sows, the infected maize diet had no adverse effect on the conception rate nor on the number and weight of foeti at slaughter compared to controls.
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