Dynamic changes of genome, pre-programmed or in response to the changing environment.
1989
Han C.R.
Old genetic concept that the genes are arranged linearly on the chromosome, the gene loci are fixed, genes are generally stable, and genetic material is static has prevailed until the late 1960s when the molecular biology and microbial genetics were in progress. In the last decade or so, however, it has been revealed that genetic material is not stable or static but a dynamic one, changing incessantly and rapidly, the changes being either pre-programmed or in response to the changing environment. Present paper deals with the detailed description of the new genetic conception of dynamic DNA changes including gene amplification, gene rearrangement, variation in tandem array of ribosomal RNA gene and simple repetitive DNA, and transposable elements occurring in vitro as well as in vivo. Prior to explaning these problems, the orthodox or traditional mechanisms of genetic variation which are characteristics of all the living organisms and basis of organic evolution were also described comparatively in details.
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