Additional vitamin E required in milk replacer diets that contain canola oil.
1997
Sauer F.D. | Farnworth E.R. | Belanger J.M.R. | Kramer J.K.G. | Miller R.B. | Yamashiro S.
It is known that ingestion of oils containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-3 and n-6 series results in a high degree of unsaturation in membrane phospholipids which in turn may increase lipid peroxidation, cholesterol oxidation, free radical accumulation and membrane damage. Vitamin E is a powerful inhibitor of lipid peroxidation induced by free radical damage to cell membranes and is an essential component of milk replacers. In the experiments reported here, neonatal piglets raised on canola oil based milk replacer diets supplemented according to NRC regulations, and with an alpha-tocopherol (mg) to PUFA (g) ratio of 0.49:1, had low alpha-tocopherol levels in their tissues. Depending on the quantity of iron administered, the piglets showed signs of vitamin E deficiency which ranged from acute, with high mortality, to mild, with oil microscopic evidence of hepatocyte dissociation. Piglets raised on a soybean based milk replacer diet, supplemented with the same amount of alpha-tocopherol, and with a ratio of alpha-tocopherol to PUFA of 0.21:1, showed no signs of vitamin E deficiency and had significantly higher tissue levels of vitamin E than the piglets raised with the canola oil milk replacer. The factor(s) present in canola oil which increased the demand for vitamin E are unknown.
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