Development of the component of a cytoplasmic male sterility hybrid system through anther culture.
1995
Bicar E.H. | Darvey N.L.
Anther culture was applied as a method to develop essential components of a cytoplasmic male sterility hybrid system in cereal rye (Secale cereale L.). These components are the male sterile seed parent A, its isogenic maintainer B line and the pollen parent restorer R line. Fifteen Australian spring rye cultivars were crossed reciprocally to the cultivars 'Luchs' which carries the Pampa male sterile cytoplasm (cms-P). Anthers of the F1's in the cms-P cytoplasm (primary cross) and their reciprocals in the normal cytoplasm. (reciprocal cross) were cultured in a modified C17 medium (Luckett et.al 1991). Male sterile and male fertile doubled haploids were obtained from the anther culture of the F1's in the cms-P cytoplasm. Test crosses with male sterile and male fertile inbred testers indicated that the male sterile doubled haploids were A lines and the male fertile doubled haploids carried restorer genes and were therefore R lines. The anther culture of genotypes in the normal cytoplasm (reciprocal cross) gave all male fertile doubled haploids. Test crosses with male sterile inbred testers classified these doubled haploids as restorers in the normal cytoplasm. The expected maintainer B lines were not identified because of the limited number of doubled haploid obtained from the anther culture of reciprocal crosses. Experimental single cross hybrids between male sterile and restorer male fertile doubled haploids showed high levels of heterosis. The results of this study have significant economic implications especially in the production of hybrids in several species.
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