Impact of pedocompaction on soil attributes and pasture aboveground phytomass
2011
Novák, J., Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (Slovak Republic) | Opitz Von Boberfeld, W. | Hreško, J.
This experiment was carried out in the deforested mountain pasture land - 845 m a.s.l. The impact of pedocompaction on soil attributes and pasture land aboveground phytomass was studied in south and north oriented locations for year-round unstabled Charolais cattle pasture breeding. Results showed the number of microscopic fungi to range from 4.31 to 14.10E3 CFU per g in the upper horizon of soil type, at depths from 0 to 100 mm and within the mean values for N, P, K, Mg and humus. Forty plant species with the dominant Festuca rubra (17%) and Agrostis capillaris (15%) were isolated in an Agrosti-Festucetum rubrae association. From a qualitative viewpoint, the aboveground phytomass had the mid-range values for organic matter digestibility of from 55.30 to 68%. Fourteen Penicillium and 33 species of the most frequently isolated fungi were found at a depth of 0.60 m. These infected the aboveground phytomass by animal pounce (excrements) in damp soil and sod destruction. This was expressed by the increased concentration of ergosterol from 62 up to 323 mg per kg Penetration resistance of both locations for middle loading by cattle was relatively equal - up to 3.01 MPa. It reached 50 mm and 4.48 MPa in the upper layer of highly loaded areas (site 1) with increased animal presence and it gradually descended in depth. The upper layer of site 2 was under heavy loading and it had a penetration resistance of 3.73 MPa. There were similar values also at a depth of 0.32 m which demonstrates a damper soil profile of the north exposition. Humid periods during 2004 and 2005 were associated with both a higher pedocompaction and also a higher content of ergosterol and quality of aboveground phytomass compared with the 2003 period of low rainfall. The content of crude protein depended upon the proportion of Trifolium repens in the grassland.
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