Taxus spp. as a source of natural anticancer compounds | Taxus spp. ako zdroj prírodných protinádorových zlúčenín
2011
Filová, A., Slovak Univ. of Agriculture in Nitra (Slovak Republic) | Rovná, K.
Cell culture of Taxus spp. presents a potential alternative source of taxol and related taxanes used in cancer chemotherapy. Plant tissue cultures provide a renewable resource for the production of secondary metabolites. Different systems have been developed for production of secondary metabolites in callus culture, cell suspension culture, root culture or shoot cultures. The aim was a quantification and distribution of taxol in explantate culture of selected chemotypes of Taxus baccata, Taxus brevifolia, Taxus canadensis, Taxus cuspidata,Taxus chinensis and Taxus media. Selected chemotypes of Taxus spp. were cultivated in the modification Westvaco media WV1, WV2, and WV5 (1, 2 and 5 mg 2,4-D per l) for the induction of callus production. Callus culture of T. canadensis produced the biggest quantity of taxol on 56. day of cultivation. Callus cultures of T. baccata produced only half amounts of total taxol production in comparison with T. canadensis. For the actual production of taxol seems to be the best Taxus canadensis WV2 medium, as well as WV5 medium, where content of taxol was in the range 158.9-149.9 micro g taxol per g DW callus. A growth of biomass and production of secondary metabolites of taxane character is dependent on the chemotype of yew, also on a time of cultivation, and on a concentration of auxin 2,4-D in cultivation medium.
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