Between sustainability and bioenergetic use: Legal and technical aspects of enhancing the use of woody biomass in Albania
2010
Gazmend Zeneli, Agricultural University of Tirana (Albania) | Abdulla Diku, Diava Consulting, Tirana (Albania) | Genti Cupi | Haki Kola
Albanian energy demand has been strongly increasing over the past years and the countrys energy supply is dominated by hydro powers providing more than 95% of total electricity supply. The national policy makers have recognized the necessity and urgency to diversify the energetic sources and are seeking for new and renewable, locally available alternative sources. With increasing concern about energy security and greenhouse gas emissions, growing attention has been drawn to biomass as a renewable and carbon-neutral energy resource. One of the most promising energetic resources in Albania derives from the forestry sector. This is not only because of the fact that its amount is abundant but as well because energy utilization of woody biomass is expected to contribute to revitalizing the forest and forest products industries which have been depressed for a long time. Another argument is that it maintains the relevant ecological (including biological diversity), economic, and social functions of man-made forests which are behind in tending. To formulate sustainable energy solutions based on the forest sector, it is indispensable to make reliable estimates of the locally available biomass sources. This paper reviews the current situation of woody biomass energy development in Albania, particularly its relationship to sustainable development. The work includes an assessment of biomass available in Albanian forests and discuses the legal and technical aspects of enhancing the bioenergetic use of woody biomass in the country. Improvements in technical, legal, institutional and policy-related support for further development are some of the possible roads to boost woody biomas s energy in Albania.
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