Social assessment for the Turkey forest sector review
Kudat, Ayse | Ozbilgin, B. Bulent | Kuleyin, Nezih | Yalcin, Ismet | Ayhan, Oztas
A large proportion of Turkey's rural population lives in or around forests and earns its living from forests or forest-related sectors. In 1996, the government requested Bank technical assistance and financial support in this area. It was decided that part of this support would include a social assessment (SA). From the general findings, communities that are unable to engage in agriculture or in raising livestock are forced to migrate rather than exploit forest flora and fauna for income and employment. Centralized forest policies limit the rights of local people, and exclusive state ownership of forests prevents community participation. The continued monopoly of the state over forest resources and recent state-private sector partnerships in the management of forests have increased community distrust. The challenge is to: continue promoting forest sustainability through measures that have already proved effective; assist in the development of the poorest forest villages through integrated rural development interventions rather than by merely relying on forest sector solutions; mainstream positive results of biodiversity efforts already piloted and explore far more aggressively interventions to enhance income potentials offered by the forest flora and fauna; ensure that wood and nonwood revenues of forests are shared with forest communities on a more equitable basis; and control threats to the forest that come form outside forest communities, including urban expansion.
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