El Salvador - Demographic issues and prospects : a special report
Goodland, Robert J.A.
The demographic experience of El Salvador is characterized by: (i) a low urbanization ratio for its level of development; (ii) San Salvador has become the major urban growth point; (iii) small towns have been declining in importance; and (iv) provinces around San Salvador and the province of La Union have hosted net inflows of people while all others have experienced net outmigration. The indication is that an important realignment of population will occur in the next few decades, and strategy for development of the urban sector is urgently needed. If the current fertility decline continues or becomes more rapid, the country could achieve an amplified per capita growth of income and demands for public outlays to satisfy basic needs reduced. Government activity in the education and health sectors would have substantial implications for raising welfare levels and either directly or indirectly reducing fertility. Despite growing urbanization, efforts should be concentrated in the rural areas from where most of the country's fertility derives.
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