Assessment of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in salt affected wheat farms
2011
Karimi Zarchi, M | Rasouli, F | Cheraghi, SAM | Sahafi, SS | Javadmousavi, SA | Charkhi, A
As most agricultural soils in Iran suffers from the low organic carbon content, crops have showed the positive response to chemical fertilizer application. This is well understood by farmers so that around 4 million tonnes of chemical fertilizers are annually used with half being applied as nitrogenous ones. Although there are some evidences on overapplication of nitrogenous fertilizers, however there is not a report on measuring Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency (NUE) in wheat farms of Iran. As over nitrogen application may expense avoidable costs to farmers and have environmental consequences such as soil and water pollution it is essential to measure NUE in wheat farms of Iran. Therefore this on-farm study was conducted in 18 wheat farms located in Yazd and Fars provinces. At first, 18 cooperative farmers were selected and their practices were documented in specific forms. This was done by direct and face to face contact with farmers during the growing season. To measure NUE a plot was considered not receiving nitrogenous fertilizers. At the end of growing season plant samples were obtained and sent to laboratory. The results showed that although NUE varies from the minimum of _21 to the maximum of 145 percent, however the figure is less than 20 percent in most farms. On the other hand, most of applied fertilizers are being lost and may leads to several different consequences. Therefore it is essential to take measures to increase NUE.
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