Assessment of Pistachio N and P requirement in saline conditions
2008
Karimi Zarchi, M | Dehghani, F | Jafari Nodooshan, A | Nikkhah, M | Ahrestani, H
Although Iran is the largest pistachio producer in the world, it has the lowest yield per unit area, just over 1 tons per hectar, amongst producing countries such as U.S. with more than 4 tonnes per hectar yield. Also, many pistachio growers have proclaimed a record yield of 12 tons per hectar in their well-managed pistachio orchards. This differece is mainly because of gardener experience-based (not scientific) management for irrigation, fertilizer application as well as pest and disease control in Iranian pistachio orchards. This project was conducted in a commercial salt affected pistachio orchard on Yaran farm located in the Northern part of Yazd provience, Iran, during 2001-2004, to determine nitrogen and phosphorous requirements of mature pistachio trees. The design was randomized complete block with three replications, four N levels (0, 300, 600 and 900 g/tree) and four P O levels (0, 300, 600 and 900 g/tree) in the form of factorial experiment. Ammonium nitrate and triple super phosphate were used as nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer sources. Results showed that yield and yield components of pistachio trees positively respond to N and P fertilizer application, especially when used collectively. There were 7.7 and 26 percent increase in marketable yield (split and non split nuts) for individual application of 600 g P O /tree and 900 g N /tree, respectively, while collective application of both of 600 g P O and 900 g N per tree increased marketble yield by 40.7 percent.
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